Reflection on the Multidisciplinary Health Field
introductions
“Organizational effectiveness is a construct that is grounded in the values and preferences of evaluators”. (Cameron, 2015). Teamwork involves multiple disciplines and emphasized in health research, services, education, and policy; Multidisciplinary draws on knowledge from different disciplines but stays within its boundaries and there are two type of disciplines
1-Interdisciplinarity analyses, synthesizes, and harmonizes links between disciplines into a coordinated and coherent whole.
2-Transdisciplinarity integrates the natural, social, and health sciences in a humanities context and transcends traditional boundaries. (Choi& Pak,2006).
Interdisciplinarity
In general, the workers practice alongside other disciplines and professions, all of whom pursue their intervention aims.
Interdisciplinarity requires a blending and combining of those practices distinctive within each discipline to pursue a standard set of outcomes. Interdisciplinarity requires collaboration, the integration of knowledge and action, and the formation of a common agenda of practice guided by unified goals (Moxley, 2021). in health care means “An interdisciplinary approach relies on health professionals from different disciplines, along with the patient, working collaboratively as a team. The most effective teams share responsibilities and promote role interdependence while respecting individual members’ experience and autonomy”. (Nancarrow, Booth, Ariss, Smith, Enderby, and Roots, 2013).
Elements integral to a successful interdisciplinary approach
1-Leadership
Positive leadership and management give clear direction and vision for the team.
2-person-centered practice
Well-integrated and coordinated care based on the needs of the patient can reduce delays to the provision of care and duplicating assessment.
3-Teamwork
this approach relies on
a-Ensure team members have clear goals
b-Participate in joint assessment
c-recognize the overlap in knowledge and expertise of staff
e-Encourage team cohesiveness and creativity through team commitment
f-Encourage less experienced team members to ask questions
d-Establish teams with members from diverse disciplines to foster higher overall effectiveness
4-Communication
Communication across disciplines, care providers, and the patient and their family/carers are essential to reflect the person’s desires and needs accurately. (vic.gov).
Transdisciplinary
This approach synthesizes and extends discipline-specific theories/concepts/methods to create new models/language to address a common problem. It is an integrative process (in practice, it refers to the blurring of disciplinary boundaries and the overlapping of roles and functions). (Belar, 2014).
FIGURE 1-Transdisciplinary professionalism, (Belar, 2014).
why we need interprofessional collaboration
From a quality perspective, Different needs and stimuli have promoted interprofessional collaboration in the past decades. One of them is the growing belief in the complexity and multidimensionality of health problems and the increasing specialization of health care workers involved, in this respect, a well-known example. Interdisciplinary or interprofessional collaboration, the researcher believed in providing better service and yielding better results. (Vyt, 2008,P1).
The promotors of teamwork success include
1- good selection of team members,
2- good team leaders,
3- maturity, and flexibility of team members,
4- personal commitment,
5- the physical proximity of team members,
6- the internet and email as a supporting platform,
7- incentives,
8- institutional support,
9- changes in the workplace,
10- common goal and shared vision,
11- clarity and rotation of roles,
12- communication and constructive comments among team members.
(Choi& Pak, 2007).
The barriers my effect on teamwork success include
1- poor selection of the disciplines and team members,
2- the imperfect process of team functioning,
3- lack of proper measures to evaluate the success of interdisciplinary work,
4- lack of guidelines for multiple authorship in research publications, language problems,
5- insufficient time or funding for the project, institutional constraints, 6-discipline conflicts,
6- team conflicts,
7- lack of communication between disciplines,
8- unequal power among disciplines. (Choi& Pak, 2007).
Collaboration is better in terms of cost-effectiveness depends on the quality of the persons working together: many mistakes and unnecessary costs in health care caused by a lack of teamwork or poor coordination. The assets of a well-functioning interprofessional collaboration we can demonstrate in two ways.
1- It can lead to an improvement in the care effectiveness for persons with a chronic disease
2- a higher degree of work satisfaction in health care workers
(Vyt, 2008, P2).
Summary
A multidisciplinary team approach in health care can bring professionals with different skills and expertise to solve a problem. We will find multidisciplinary team examples in health care, education, business, and community organizations. make a wide variety of team members together solve problems, The concentrated effort of many hands and minds can lead to Build Cooperation and Collaboration, good result with a high-functioning team , Overcome Organizational Obstacles, Health care Organizations often become compartmentalized, and that can lead to stalled progress.
A multidisciplinary team approach removes institutionalized silos and builds team synergy. Often, this leads to faster problem-solving. Pave the Way for Progress Teams enhance productivity in all health care organizations. (Meier, 2020).
Refences
1- Cameron, K. (2015). Organizational Effectiveness. Organizational Behavior,(11): https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118785317.weom110202
2- Choi B C K, Pak. A W P (2006). Multidisciplinary, interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinary in health research, services, education and policy: 1. Definitions, objectives, and evidence of effectiveness. Clin Invest Med. 29(6):351–64.
3- Choi B C K, Pak. A W P. (2007). Multidisciplinarity, interdisciplinarity, and transdisciplinarity in health research, services, education, and policy: 2. Promotors, barriers, and strategies of enhancement. Clin Invest Med. 30(6): E224–32.
4- Moxley D. P. (2021). Interdisciplinarity. National Association of Social Workers. https://oxfordre.com/socialwork/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.001.0001/acrefore-9780199975839-e-200
5- Nancarrow SA, Booth A, Ariss S, Smith T, Enderby P & Roots A 2013, ‘Ten principles of good interdisciplinary teamwork. Human Resources for Health’, 11(1):1–11. doi:10.1186/1478–4491–11–19.
6- Victoria state government. (n.d). Interdisciplinary approach fact sheet. An interdisciplinary approach to caring. https://www2.health.vic.gov.au/hospitals-and-health-services/patient-care/older-people/resources/improving-access/ia-interdisciplinary#:~:text=An%20interdisciplinary%20approach%20relies%20on,individual%20members'%20experience%20and%20autonomy.
7- Belar, Cynthia D. (2014). Establishing Transdisciplinary Professionalism for Improving Health Outcomes. National Academy of Sciences.
8- Vyt A. (2008). Interprofessional and transdisciplinary teamwork in health care. Diabetes Metab Res Rev; 24: P1,2. DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.835.
9- Meier, Kelly S. (2020). Multidisciplinary Teams & the Importance of Teamwork. Chorn. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/multidisciplinary-teams-importance-teamwork-72172.html